The scandal has knocked billions off the value of Murdoch's News Corp., scuttled his ambitions to take control of a lucrative satellite TV company, withered his political power in Britain — and is threatening to destabilize his globe-spanning empire.
The controversy claimed its first Murdoch executive in the United States as Les Hinton, chief executive of the Murdoch-owned Dow Jones & Co. and publisher of the Wall Street Journal, announced he was resigning with immediate effect.
Murdoch's British lieutenant, Rebekah Brooks, stepped down earlier Friday.
Hinton, 67, has worked for Murdoch's News Corp. for 52 years and is one of the media baron's staunchest allies. He became head of Dow Jones in December 2007.
He was chairman of Murdoch's British newspaper arm during some of the years its staffers are alleged to have hacked cell phones, but testified to a parliamentary committee in 2009 that he had seen no evidence abuses had spread beyond a single jailed reporter, Clive Goodman.
Hinton said Friday that "the pain caused to innocent people (by hacking) is unimaginable."
"That I was ignorant of what apparently happened is irrelevant, and in the circumstances I feel it is proper for me to resign from News Corp. and apologize to those hurt by the actions of News of the World," he said.
Murdoch said he accepted Hinton's resignation with "much sadness." It capped a difficult week for the embattled mogul.
Just a day after asserting that News Corp. had made only "minor mistakes," Murdoch issued an apology to run in Britain's national newspapers for "serious wrongdoing" by the News of the World, which he shut down last week amid allegations of large-scale illegal hacking by its staff.
"We are sorry for the serious wrongdoing that occurred. We are deeply sorry for the hurt suffered by the individuals affected. We regret not acting faster to sort things out," said the full-page ad, signed by Murdoch and due to run in Saturday's editions of Britain's main national newspapers.
Murdoch promised "further concrete steps to resolve these issues and make amends for the damage they have caused."
Murdoch also met the family of murdered schoolgirl Milly Dowler, whose phone was hacked by the News of the World in 2002. The revelation that journalists had accessed her phone in search of scoops inflamed the long-simmering scandal about illegal eavesdropping by the newspaper.
The 80-year-old mogul emerged from the meeting at a London hotel to catcalls of "shame on you!" from hecklers. He said that "as founder of the company I was appalled to find out what had happened and I apologized."
Dowler family lawyer Mark Lewis said Murdoch appeared humbled and had offered "a heartfelt and what seemed to be a very sincere apology."
"I don't think somebody could have held their head in their hands so many times and said that they were sorry," Lewis said.
Murdoch's tone was dramatically different from an interview published Thursday in the Wall Street Journal — which is owned by News Corp. — in which he said the company had handled the crisis "extremely well in every way possible" and complained he was "getting annoyed" at all the negative headlines.
The crisis claimed another senior scalp Friday as Brooks, chief executive of Murdoch's British newspaper division, resigned.
The media magnate had defended the 43-year-old Brooks in the face of demands she step down from British politicians — including her friend and neighbor, Prime Minister David Cameron. After previously refusing to accept her resignation, Murdoch made an abrupt switch as News Corp. struggled but failed to contain the crisis.
Brooks said she was stepping aside because "my desire to remain on the bridge has made me a focal point of the debate."
"This is now detracting attention from all our honest endeavors to fix the problems of the past," she said in an email to staff.
Brooks said she would "concentrate on correcting the distortions and rebutting the allegations about my record as a journalist, an editor and executive."
A new chief executive untainted by the U.K. problems, Tom Mockridge, was installed to replace Brooks at News International, the British arm of Rupert Murdoch's global News Corp. Mockridge, a 55-year-old New Zealander, joined News Corp. in 1991 and has been in charge of Sky Italia since 2003. Dow Jones President Todd Larsen will maintain his title but will temporarily be the top executive there.
The moves came after News Corp. brought in Edelman Communications to help with public relations and lobbying — an admission, perhaps, that its attempts to manage the crisis have so far been a disaster.
News Corp.'s critics say the company underestimated the public and political anger. Media analyst Claire Enders said the company had cast itself as a victim — "which is completely impossible for people here to respond to and is making things worse."
Brooks' departure marks a reversal of fortune for one of Britain's most powerful media executives, who rose from secretary to CEO during 22 years with News International.
Critics said she should have gone long ago. She was editor of the News of the World between 2000 and 2003, when the paper's employees allegedly hacked into 13-year-old Milly's phone as police searched for her, potentially interfering with the police investigation.
Brooks has always said she had no knowledge of phone hacking, though she did acknowledge in a 2003 appearance before lawmakers that her paper had paid police officers for information — an illegal practice that, along with hacking, is now the center of a criminal investigation.
Brooks had been in charge of News International's four — now three — British newspapers since 2007, following a four-year stint as editor of the market-leading daily tabloid, The Sun. Just a week ago, she faced 200 angry employees at the News of the World who had lost their jobs as she kept hers when Murdoch shut down the paper.
When shareholders began to call for her to go, Brooks' position became untenable. Saudi Prince Al-Waleed bin Talal Alsaud, the second-largest News Corp. stockholder, told the BBC on Thursday that if Brooks were found to be implicated in wrongdoing by the newspapers, "for sure she has to go."
Her resignation was greeted with relief by British politicians.
Cameron, who had called for Brooks to step down, said she made "the right decision," said the prime minister's spokesman, Steve Field.
Allegations emerged last week that the News of the World hacked not only celebrities, politicians and athletes but Dowler, the victims of London's 2005 terrorist bombings and the families of dead British soldiers.
The company first shut down the News of the World and then abandoned a bid to take control of British Sky Broadcasting in an effort to limit the damage to the greater News Corp. empire, which includes Fox News, the 20th Century Fox movie studio, the Wall Street Journal, the New York Post and the three remaining British newspapers — The Sun, The Times and The Sunday Times.
Hinton has done much to build and steady the Murdoch empire in the United States, where there were fears Murdoch would damage the venerable Wall Street Journal brand.
New projects, including a beefed-up New York section and the lifestyle magazine insert WSJ, helped the 122-year-old paper surpass USA Today as America's top-selling daily during Hinton's 3-year tenure.
In a memo to staff Friday, Hinton defended Murdoch as a strong backer of Dow Jones, "allowing us to invest and expand as other media companies slashed costs."
Hinton, who was named to the AP board in April, had been scheduled to attend his first board meeting next week, but it now seems certain that his tenure will be brief.
"We've just heard this news, but the AP board of directors is made up of current leaders of news companies," said AP spokesman Paul Colford.
Friday's dual departures of two key executives show Murdoch is "trying to build a firewall between the past and the future of News Corp.," said newspaper analyst Ken Doctor.
It also suggests that Murdoch doesn't want the Journal, one of the world's most respected newspapers, to get tarred in a scandal involving the tawdry behavior of journalists at a British tabloid.
Protecting the Journal's reputation has become more important to Murdoch now that the media mogul's political influence in Britain has been diminished. Doctor believes it's likely News Corp. will sell all of its British newspapers.
"He has lost his power in Britain and he is never going to get it back in this lifetime, so there is no longer a reason for him to own News International," Doctor said. "The movie studio and cable TV is what's really important to protect now."
The crisis is far from over.
This week Cameron appointed a judge to conduct a sweeping inquiry into criminal activity at the paper and in the British media.
British police have arrested nine people in their investigation of phone hacking and alleged bribery of police officers, and have uncovered a list of 3,700 names of potential victims. Next week Brooks, Murdoch and his son James face questions from a British parliamentary committee.
Most worrying for the Murdochs are signs the crisis could spread to the United States, where the FBI has opened an inquiry into whether 9/11 victims or their families were targeted by News Corp. papers.
News Corp.'s main, nonvoting stock, which has rallied in recent days after losses last week, increased 20 cents, or 1.3 percent, to close Friday at $15.64.
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Raphael G. Satter, Danica Kirka and Cassandra Vinograd in London, David Randall and Barbara Ortutay in New York, Michael Liedtke in San Francisco and Ryan Nakashima in Los Angeles contributed to this report.